Red-Shouldered Hawk Facts

The red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) is a medium-sized North American hawk. It gets its common name from the rufous or reddish brown feathers on the shoulders of mature birds. Juveniles are colored differently from their parents and may be confused with juvenile broad-winged and red-tailed hawks. Fast Facts: Red-Shouldered Hawk Scientific Name: Buteo lineatusCommon Name: Red-shouldered hawkBasic Animal Group: BirdSize: 15-25 inches long; 35-50 inches wingspanWeight: 1-2 poundsLifespan: 20 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Eastern United States and Mexico; United States West CoastPopulation: IncreasingConservation Status: Least Concern Description Adult red-shouldered hawks have brown heads, red shoulders, reddish chests, and pale bellies marked with red bars. The reddish color is more pronounced in birds living in the western portion of their range. The hawks tails and wings have narrow white bars. Their legs are yellow. Juveniles are mostly brown, with dark streaks against a buff belly, and narrow white bands on an otherwise brown tail. Females are slightly larger and heavier than males. Females range from 19 to 24 inches and weigh around 1.5 pounds. Males measure 15 to 23 inches long and weigh about 1.2 pounds. The wingspan ranges from 35 to 50 inches. In flight, the red-shouldered hawk holds its wings forward when soaring and cups them while gliding. If flies with quick beats interspersed with glides. Juveniles are brown and buff with streaks on their bellies. cuatrok77 photo / Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Red-shouldered hawks live on both the East and West Coast of North America. The eastern population lives from southern Canada south to Florida and eastern Mexico and west to the Great Plains. Part of the eastern population is migratory. The northern portion of the range is a breeding range, while the section from Texas into Mexico is a wintering range. In the west, the species lives from Oregon to Baja California. The western population is nonmigratory, although the bird do avoid higher elevations in winter. The hawks are forest raptors. Preferred habitats include hardwood forests, mixed forests, and deciduous swamps. They also occur in suburban locations near woodlands. Map of the red-shouldered hawk year-round range (green), breeding range (orange), and wintering range (blue).,. Scops /Â  Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International Diet and Behavior Like other raptors, red-shouldered hawks are carnivores. They hunt by sight and sound, seeking prey while perched on a tree top or power line or while soaring. They take prey up to their own weight, including rodents, rabbits, small snakes, lizards, birds, frogs, insects, crayfish, and fish. Occasionally, they may eat carrion, such as road-killed deer. Red-shouldered hawks may cache food to eat later. Reproduction and Offspring Red-shouldered hawks breed in wooded areas, usually near water. Like other hawks, they are monogamous. Courtship involves soaring, calling, and diving. The display involves either the pair or just the male and typically occurs at mid-day. Mating occurs between April and July. The pair builds a nest of sticks, which may also include moss, leaves, and bark. The female lays three or four blotchy lavender or brown eggs. Incubation takes between 28 and 33 days. The first chick hatches up to a week before the final one. Hatchlings weigh 1.2 ounces at birth. The female has the primary responsibility for incubation and brooding, while the male hunts, but sometimes the male cares for the eggs and chicks. While the young leave the nest around six weeks of age, they depend on their parents until they are 17 to 19 weeks old and may remain near the nest until the following mating season. Red-shouldered hawks become sexually mature at 1 or 2 years of age. Although the hawk may live 20 years, only half of the chicks survive the first year and few live to 10 years of age. The nesting success rate is only 30%, plus the birds face many predators at all stages of life. Conservation Status The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categorizes the red-shouldered hawk as least concern with an increasing population. Although abundant prior to 1900, the hawk and other raptors were threatened up to the latter part of the 20th century. Conservation laws, the ban on the pesticide DDT, forest regrowth, and a ban on hunting have helped the red-shouldered hawk recover. Threats Deforestation has greatly diminished the red-shouldered hawks range. Threats to the hawk include poisoning from insecticides, pollution, logging, vehicle collision, and power line accidents. Sources BirdLife International 2016. Buteo lineatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22695883A93531542. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22695883A93531542.enFerguson-Lees, James and David A. Christie. Raptors of the World. Houghton Mifflin Harcoat, 2001. ISBN 0-618-12762-3.Rich, T.D., Beardmore, C.J., et al. Partners in Flight: North American Landbird Conservation Plan. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, 2004.Stewart, R. E. Ecology of a Nesting Red-Shouldered Hawk Population. The Wilson Bulletin, 26-35, 1949.Woodford, J. E.; Eloranta, C. A.; Rinaldi, A. Nest Density, Productivity, and Habitat Selection of Red-Shouldered Hawks in a Contiguous Forest. Journal of Raptor Research. 42 (2): 79, 2008. doi:10.3356/JRR-07-44.1

Benefits Of Attending A Community College - 897 Words

Students nowadays face many challenges when it comes to obtaining a college education. We evaluate an institution’s quality based on what we need the most. The qualities sought out may vary by each person’s personal point of view. However, as a student, I’ve found that most students seek for an institute that benefits them the most. Attending a community college has been an enormous advantage towards my education. I have been attending San Bernardino Valley College for the last two semesters. I have come to respect their philosophies and values. The institution has now been in business for 87 years. They venture to encourage both students and faculty towards high standards of achievement and progress into exceptional members of the society. They now offer a variety of degrees, transfer programs and certificates for a wide range of students. San Bernardino Valley College has an accomplished staff, student support services and technological tools that pave the road towards the conquest of a quality education. Benefits of attending a community college as opposed to a traditional university tend to be overlooked by potential students. They are either unaware of its advantages or do not fully understand how this type of education can benefit their cause. Year after year large amounts of students choose to go straight from high school and in to four-year universities. The problem with this particular situations is that universities in general tend to have 50-400 students in oneShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Attending A Community College854 Words   |  4 PagesI would be attending a university like all of my friends in high-school. I never thought I would be attending a community college. I really hated the idea of community college. 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However, as humans have evolved beyond such inane, discriminatory issues, more people were able to go to college and earn a degree for a living, thus improving their quality of life and acting as a driving force to theRead MoreCommunity College : Is It A Waste Of Time?898 Words   |  4 Pages Is it beneficial to attend community college before attending a university or is it a waste of time? There is a huge debate on whether or not attending community college is worth the time, or if it is as wasteful as rumored. While some people argue that it is not worth attending a community college before a university, I believe that it is beneficial. It helps students transition from high school to college life as well as encourage them to further their education. Grubb, W. Norton, and Marvin

Internationalization and Market Entry Mode-Samples for Students

Question: Critically analyze a journal article on Internationalization and Market Entry Mode. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze a journal article on Internationalization and Market Entry Mode: A Review of Theories and Conceptual Framework so as to elaborate on internationalization and market entry mode asserted in appendix 1. Therefore, in this paper, we aim at discussing various aspects of conceptual frameworks concerning foreign entry mode decision as outlined in appendix 1. This will be elaborated basing our argument on perception portrayed by the author of this research article. Thus, different contributions on entry mode will be elaborated so as to critically understand the importance of studying different perspectives in internationalization and market entry mode. In appendix 1, table 1 involves comparison of different frameworks for studying foreign entry mode. In that connection, this paper will elaborate on theoretical and methodological aspects relating to the mode of entry. These aspects include: Entry mode as a chain of establishment The transaction cost approach The eclectic framework The organizational capability perspective Entry mode as a chain of establishment This is the first aspect to be considered in appendix 1 based on authors perspective on the mode of entry. Basically, this aspect has been discussed from wider perspective and school of thought by determining methodology applied by firms to initiate internalization and market entry mode. This process has been initiated through a set of sequences so as to facilitate the operations set so achieve development goals and objectives of the firm. In this phase, there are several stages applied by various firms to initiate entry mode as a chain of the establishment. These stages are very vital to any firm willing to achieve international market entry. These stages include limiting export by ensuring no regular export, performing export services through an agent or export representative, enhancing sales subsidiaries and initiating a long-term production and manufacturing plans. These stages are very important for a firm willing to venture into this kind of market mode. The stages will propel the firm to enter the market via increasing market knowledge. In this entry mode, it I important to understand that increase in market structure will result to increase in market knowledge (Ryan Deci, 2017). In that connection, the final result will increase in market commitment. The reverse is also true in this case. In this entry, behavior assumption is based in bounded rationality. According to the article, this assumption is based on idea used in decision making process. This is because rationality of firms is limited by the information they apply in the market as well as cognitive limitation of their ideas. Another aspect of this mode of entry is based on organizational capability perspective. There is a close perfect positive correlation between chains of the establishment as a model of entry with organizational capability perspective. This is because the chain of establishment involves making market entry decisions based on time. This is entry mode is a time-dependent process. Therefore, each entry mode is based on various factors that can be elaborated from a particular entry mode to another so as to incorporated entry framework on chain establishment on independent and moderate factors. However, co-operative mode of entry has not been included in establishment chain as described by Johansson and Vahlne. This is one of the weaknesses of this mode of entry. Firms in this mode of entry need to move sequentially from stage to another. From the deterministic point of view, firms will be denied opportunities to enter the international market if their strategic point regarding the mode of entry is inappropriate in oversee market. The transaction cost approach This is another aspect that needs to be elaborated in relation to internationalization and market entry mode. This mode of entry has become effective through the application of vertical integration decision. This mode of decision making strategy in this market entry has become so applicable to firms dealing with service delivery and manufacturing. This mode of entry involves hybrid modes unlike entry mode of a chain of the establishment as formulated by Johansson and Vahlne. Interfirm co-operation and vertical co0ordination make transaction cost approach much applicable in the market as compared to the chain of the establishment. This approach applies several dimension that makes the process relevant to the market (Ryan Deci, 2017). These dimensions include transaction cost theory, uncertainty in exchange of resources involving sellers and buyers, specific assets and frequency of economic exchange. In that connection, the decision-making process should consider these dimensions so a s to enable the decision maker to display opportunistic behavior that would propel cost-effective and efficient governance in this mode of entry. In addition, this approach applies transaction cost theory to enrich our skills and knowledge in this mode of entry. Thus, minimization process in transaction cost in this entry is based on cost theory modification. In that case, firms are required to use decision criteria such as minimax, maximin, and Bayes decision criteria rather than using cost theory approach. This leads to conclusions in the choice of internalization and mode of market entry. If firms apply for benefits as a decision criterion, then this entry will be selected by these firms other than using transaction cost minimization as decision criteria. To elaborate this approach, firms have applied this modification to initiate the dependent variables in this mode of entry. Lastly, this approach has been applied in a different partnership that can be propelled from low, medium and high modification. In this case, behavior assumption is bounded on rationality and opportunism. Rationality is similar to chain of establishme nt. Opportunism in this case relates to ability of a firm to take advantage of SWOT analysis in order to fit in this mode of entry. The eclectic framework This is another important mode of market entry in internationalization and market mode of entry in overseeing markets. There are a number of factors that are likely to affect the choice selected by firms in order to enter the market using this mode of entry. These factors include ownership advantage, locational benefits and internalization benefits (Richard, 2013). These advantages must be considered by decision-makers so as to enhance operations propelled through this entry. Through ownership advantages, firms are able to initiate their assets towards opening a better entry level in oversee markets. Investment firms are able to increase competitive advantage in the market based on the level of ownership. Assets in a firm determine the size of the firm that can be compared to the market structure to be entered by such firms. Firms with higher ownership advantage imply that the firm has more assets which will determine the market structure to be entered. Through asset ownership advantage, firms are able to determine their ability to develop differentiated products. On the other hand, locational advantage determines how strategic a county is in the market. Countries that are more strategically located are likely to have more entry in the market structure. Lastly, internalization advantages are based on the nature of interrelationship between local and international market. The choice of entry has a correlation with independent decision process applied by firms to venture a given market entry. In this case, behavior assumptions are similar to transaction approach since they are bounded on rationality and opportunism. The organizational capability perspective This is the last market mode of entry as per Appendix 1. This perspective is deeply rooted in resource-based theory. This article provides some ideas and propositions that relate to organizational capability framework. In that connection, the resource-based theory is very applicable to firms with the ability to make corporate strategies (Richard, 2013). That is, boundaries of the firms and strategies relating to single business strategy. In this case, managers are able to determine resources that can be applied to achieve competitive advantage in the market. In that case, managers are able to distinguish valuable resources from non-valuable resources. Moreover, this perspective is also very applicable when assessing intangible resources in the market. The firm is able to determine skills and competencies required for a particular position in the firm. This will increase the accessibility of the firm to enter the market at international markets. This mode of market entry must be applied by firms to balance between development and exploitation. These aspects are very important and are very critical in performing activities in the firm. It is important to determine how dynamic environment facilitate market entry using this perspective. In conclusion, the concepts heightened in appendix 1 are so much connected since the resource-based theory is applicable in the chain of establishment perspective and eclectic framework. Therefore, the four domains in appendix 1 are integrated to initiate a well-established internalization and mode of entry in the market. In this entry, behavior assumption is based in bounded rationality. According to the article, this assumption is based on idea used in decision making process. This is because rationality of firms is limited by the information they apply in the market as well as cognitive limitation of their ideas. References Richard, A. (2013). Job Satisfaction from Herzbergs Two Factor Theory Perspective. Grin publishing. Ryan, R.M., Deci, EL. (2017). Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Need in Motivation, development, and Wellness. The Guilford Press

The Role of Building Design in Building Construction

In building design, there are very many aspects that have to be considered when coming up with an appropriate structure that follows all the basic rules of design (Allen Iano, 2008). A perfect example of one aspect that many architects, engineers, and designers think about when designing buildings is saving power.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Role of Building Design in Building Construction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are several devices that can be used for the purpose of saving power and energy. However, for the purpose of this paper, I introduce a natural way with which power and energy can indeed be saved. This paper discusses the use and design of the green building as the best aspect with which energy and power can be efficiently sustained. The green building is technically referred to as green construction in building design. Other people call it a sustainable building. It essential ly revolves around construction and utilization of procedures which are environmentally conscious and use of resources effectively in all the stages of construction. This starts from the selection of a proper site, the architectural design, building, tasks, care, repairs, and even flattening down of a structure. These procedures require the collaboration of the team of designers and architects as well as the owner of the building at all the phases of the project. This practice of green building enhances and supplements the classical processes of building design relative to factors such as the economy, use, resilience, and coziness. In as much as emerging technologies are continually being created to supplement the existing trends in developing greener buildings, the mutual goals is that such structures are designed to decrease the general effect of the built atmosphere on the occupant’s health and the natural surrounding through: Effectively utilizing available energy and ot her resources such as water Safeguarding the health of the people and enhancing worker’s performance Decreasing the amount of waste, effects of pollution, and the general degradation of the environment The model of ecological development finds its way back to the fossil oil and pollution of the environment crises in the 1970s. The green building caucus in the United States of America arose from the massive call for more energy efficient and building practices that were also environmentally conscious. There are several reasons for having green structures. These include environmental, economic as well as social considerations. Nevertheless, contemporary sustainability practices require cohesive and synergistic structural designs. This is in relation to new buildings as well as repair of old structures. This model combines the building phases with every green exercise used with a design goal to develop a synergy in all the processes used (Yan Stellios, 2006).Advertising L ooking for assessment on engineering? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Choosing to build green combines an array of procedures, styles, and skills to eradicate and eventually finish the effects of building structures on the environment as well as the well-being of the people. It normally puts an emphasis on making good use of the opportunities offered by renewable sources such as utilizing energy from the sun through techniques like passive solar. Other ways are using the active solar as well as photovoltaic methods to save power. Compared to modern power saving devices, it is important to observe that natural energy can indeed be saved through power saving devices such as solar panels for later use. This is a green way to save power. The design of green buildings normally incorporates efforts to minimize the use of energy. This includes the embodied energy needed to remove, progress, carry, and fix building tools as well as the ope rating energy needed to offer services like heating and powering of the building equipment. Since most high performance structures make use of little operating energy, embodied energy has become more significant and important for use. This energy could sum up to 30% of the total energy used in a single life cycle. In fact, several studies have proven that buildings constructed basically with wood materials possess lesser embodied energy compared to those constructed basically with brick or materials that are concrete in nature. This also includes steel. To minimize the use of operating energy, building designers make use of specific details which decrease the release of air through an element known as the building envelope. The envelope refers to a hurdle found between the conditioned and the unconditioned area. They also advice that high-performance windows be used in addition to more insulating materials in wall areas, ceiling boards, as well as floors of the buildings. The passiv e solar building design is an approach which is often executed in homes with low energy levels. Building designers position the windows and building walls and place sunshades, verandahs, and tree coverings to cover windows and the roofs when it is summer season. The aim is to maximize the capturing of solar energy in the winter season which is saved in summer. Moreover, efficient positioning of the window helps give more natural lighting into a building and reduce the need to have electric lighting in the daytime. Costs associated with energy use can also be minimized through heating water by solar (Kats, 2003).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The Role of Building Design in Building Construction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Allen, E Iano, J 2008, Fundamentals of building construction: materials and methods. John Wiley Sons Inc, New Jersey. Kats, G 2003, The cost and financial benefits of gr een buildings, McGraw Hills, New York. Yan, J Stellios, P 2006, Design for sustainability, China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing. This assessment on The Role of Building Design in Building Construction was written and submitted by user Camila T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.